Collectively, cultural landscapes are works . Others can be paranoid, fragmented, uncertain of their place in the modern world, angry, resistant to change. These changes may be small or large, noticeable or not so noticeable. respect for ethnic and regional diversity and communal rights including the right of communities to organize and participate in cultural activities and the expression of . It also impacts on our identity, sense of place and access to cultural capital. Using the graphic/map and information provided above, explain how each of the following forces lead to devolutionary pressure with in Nigeria. On Biocultural Diversity approaches the dilemma of language loss, the deficit of knowledge, and the devastation of the environment on a global scale. Describe how cultural diversity can contribute to devolutionary pressure within a country. It tries to preserve Examples Cultural landscapes are landscapes that have been affected, influenced, or shaped by human involvement. . It is now taken to refer additionally to the inclusion of children from black and minority ethnic communities and of children . The Cold War, which gave Washington politicians a national-security pretext . While large companies like General Motors and even the U.S. Department of Defense have developed strategic plans to increase D&I, small businesses can also do their part. Footnote 4. City Culture As with nations, cities can take a multicultural or melting pot approach to cultural diversity. A nation is a group of unified people with a common culture. Cultural and social factors that affect development. To do so, it is crucial to demonstrate their benefits to the employees. there may be considerable cultural and ethnic diversity, but these minorities comprise a second-order group, categorically different from that of the national society of the state . Diversity is the practice of ensuring representation of varied social or collective identities such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, disability, etc. . Because only an integrated approach encompassing and addressing, in addition to the contexts, conditions and configurations of diversity, the intrinsically cultural dynamics that diversity prompts, the cultural creativity that diversity generates, only such an approach can help understand the contribution that diversity can make to social progress. In over a decade of devolution Welshness has been reclaimed and reworked in new and interesting ways. The current consensus among savants of American federalism is that, at long last, power is shifting back to the states. D ecentralization is often proposed as a potential solution to the problems facing African states. The movement of power from a central government to regional governments (or subnational governments) within the state . Cultural landscapes are landscapes that have been affected, influenced, or shaped by human involvement. , a desire for autonomy/separation/statehood, areas or peoples who are isolated or less connected, increasing centrifugal forces wit hin the country). More recently the meaning of the term has been widened. Describe how each of the following forces contributes to devolutionary pressures within a country. Devolution is an important part of the AP® Human Geography curriculum and is part of different concepts within the area of the political organization of space. Forces Description Cultural diversity B1. Devolution and ageing. And there should be many more of these. 1. The concept of nation is important to note when The author, K. O. Morgan, currently a Research Professor at King's College, London, is a long-established, internationally-recognised academic authority and member of . The City Region was the first in the UK to commit to spending the equivalent of 1 per cent of its annual £30 million devolution funding to support cultural activities. In 2020, the COVID-19 shock hit the economy hard, disrupting international trade and transport, tourism, and urban services activity, in particular. It is important for teachers to be aware of the differences between the school atmosphere and the home environment. Our Cultures helps people from different countries to understand each other, and the environment we live in, better. A multicultural city is likely to celebrate ethnic enclaves. Rich countries can be overconfident and brash. Diversity is the practice of ensuring representation of varied social or collective identities such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, disability, etc. Diversity is being invited to the party. Devolution: AP Human Geography Crash Course There are many serious challenges facing countries today. . 5.8 Devolution is the breakup or the transition of power from the central government to regional governments in a state. It can be thousands of acres or a tiny homestead. This is even more so since the history of Ethiopia had been characterized by the struggle between central government and regional powers (Sava and Tosco, 2008:112). Culture and the creative arts are an important aspect of LCR's identity. Cultural diversity: The Nigerian people ae divided by religious lines. A-Devolution is the breaking apart of states. For an event to be considered an instance of evolution, changes have to occur on the genetic level of a population and be passed on from one generation to the next. Physical features or barriers , such as mountains or bodies of water B4. The Forces of Devolution-Cultural Forces Greatest tragedy was Yugoslavia which erupted in Civil War in the 1990s Thrown together after WW I with Serbia as the core of "The Land of the South Slavs" 7 major, 17 minor ethnic groups, 3 religions & 2 alphabets North-Croats & Slovenes-Catholic South-Serbs are Orthodox, Muslim enclaves Rule by . 1 2 After all, these businesses employ nearly half of the private . C. Identify and explain ONE political impact resulting from devolutionary pressures related to cultural differences in either Spain or Nigeria. The respect of cultural and linguistic diversity and adherence to non-discrimination could foster a sense of belonging and patriotism which are essential for Nation . Part of the problem is neatly summed up by D. Michael Warren: "The relationship between the viability of a language and the knowledge that has been created, preserved and maintained through that . Devolution is complex, it's dynamic and difficult, but it's worthwhile." People come first Jane Cummings, chief nursing officer for NHS England, issued a call to arms to recognise and . The UK Government does not agree with the Welsh Government that justice should be devolved to Wales, a minister has said. Skeptics might argue that cleavages based on ascriptive identities are inconsequential or . Donald Trump initiated a real Continuity of Government plan and left office on January 20th but his return is imminent. For example, the devolution of Czechoslovakia happened because the Czechs discriminated Slovaks. There is a great cultural difference. Devolution is often used (or recommended) as a solution when part of a country is agitating for complete independence. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory. This is part 4 of an exploration into why some countries are poorer than others. Becoming an independent country is a complicated, messy procedure that often causes a great deal of upheaval to businesses, jobs, the housing market and the economy in general. The Devolution series outlines exactly how President Donald Trump used all the legal powers available to him as President of the United States and Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces to defeat the election theft. Devolution is the movement of power from a central government to regional governments (or subnational governments). Describe how cultural diversity contributes to devolutionary pressures within a country. The way to do this is to encourage and facilitate the observance . This essay employs Scottish devolution as a prism through which to examine two public policies used to manage national diversity: "accommodation" and . Although highly contextual, the common notion is that if you… As common sayings teach us: Diversity is counting the numbers. To be published next month, Revolution to Devolution: Reflections on Welsh Democracy is an integrated range of studies, focusing on Wales, on the advance of democracy and the evolving idea of national identity in modern Britain. A. It promised a more efficient and democratically representative government, with . The Yoruba are the second largest and are mostly made up of Muslims and Christians. The article argues that the Double Devolution concept simply ignores a rising volume of evidence that finds problems in operationalizing small-scale and deliberative ideas. D. Describe how physical geography and territorial size contributes to devolutionary pressures within a country. Cultural diversity in many countries is deeply rooted and can create powerful divisions within the population. Transfer of decision making power from a central government to a lower level or the break up of states. The study . It is set for a great number of people with different cultures and beliefs. With this fact, devolution helps to accommodate social diversity. So that we can all live good and happy lives. The concept of inclusion found its way into early years discourse in the context of policy on children with special educational needs. (C) Explain how communication technology plays an important role in the goals of devolutionary groups and democracy movements. Diversity is said to provide a focal point for conflict, Footnote 1 poor governance, Footnote 2 low social capital Footnote 3 and poor economic performance. Among other problems is the consequence that the resulting increased policy diversity is quickly labelled a 'postcode lottery'. 2. Cultural evolution: These cognitive adaptations give rise to a robust second system of inheritance (cultural evolution) that operates by different transmission rules than genetic inheritance, and can thus produce phenomena not observed in other less cultural species. Sometimes there are social or cultural factors that hold back poor countries. People from different cultural traditions may have an approach . If two parts of a country consider themselves drastically and culturally different from each other, they will be more inclined to separate. Diversity is being counted. If diversity management policies are to be implemented within a company the most important prerequisite is to create a certain organizational culture appreciating diversity and promoting inclusion (Gilbert et al.,1999; Shen et al., 2009). Culture . Prah goes . Looking at this job description, you see words like connected, welcoming, vision, leadership, counsel, collaborate, development, core values, giving, relationships, collaborative, bridge differences, and positive image. As common sayings teach us: Diversity is counting the numbers. devolution, the transfer of power from a central government to subnational (e.g., state, regional, or local) authorities. Cultural diversity is generally perceived as . A cultural landscape can be associated with a person or event. Diversity and inclusion (D&I) can play an important role in a workplace regardless of size. If there are certain people groups that are discriminated against, the country's overall . We should encourage and facilitate each region to "hold on to their regional identities", but there has to be a positive and responsible attitude from each region to contribute towards bringing about "a stronger, one Philippines". evolution, theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations. (D) Explain the limitations of communication technology in furthering the goals of devolutionary groups and democracy movements. Cultural diversity can be a factor that contributes to devolutionary pressure . Diversity is about our individual differences and acknowledging the unique blend of knowledge, skills and perspectives people bring to the workplace. They are optimistic, hopeful, ambitious and ready to pull together. You will need to know the forces that may lead to the devolution of states including physical geography, ethnic separatism, economic, and spatial factors. Devolution, de-evolution, or backward evolution (not to be confused with dysgenics) is the notion that species can revert to supposedly more primitive forms over time. Diversity is being counted. Footnote 4. Diversity is being invited to the party. Devolution accommodates all the different diversities since the rules and decisions made are not set to one community or culture. Given the complexity and diversity of social structures, the influence of marriage exchanges on regional seed flow is likely to vary with the social significance of the crop, i.e., its local cultural and economic importance, but also its "gender"—that is, whether the plant is socially considered a men's or a women's crop. The Kurds would be an example of a nation without a state of their own. Chapter 5 Devolution events most often occur on the margins of state and at the heart of most devolutionary movements, however, is a strong sense of ethnocultural or economic difference---and when sense of difference coincide with conflicting senses of territory, the results can be explosive Cultures have fundamental distinguishing features that point to their characteristics, such as ethnicity, skin color, sex, language, religion, art and folklore, and even gastronomy. Our Cultures also nourishes a culture of open-mindedness, compassion and environmentalism. B. It can be a grand estate, industrial site, park, garden, cemetery, campus, and more. Picture by the UK Government. Diversity is said to provide a focal point for conflict, Footnote 1 poor governance, Footnote 2 low social capital Footnote 3 and poor economic performance. contribute to evaluation of devolution and add onto the knowledge on citizen led governance. As extreme centralization is seen to undermine democracy and development, and enable debilitating forms of politics like rent seeking and ethnic patronage, 1 decentralization is suggested as the necessary corrective. Divisions are a reality in any country, but there are also forces that unite countries and strengthen the populace because of a strong love of and loyalty to their country. Although highly contextual, the common notion is that if you… Define devolution. Cultural diversity can contribute to devolutionary pressures by creating religious, linguistic, historic, or ethnic differences within a country. respect for ethnic and regional diversity and communal rights including the right of communities to organize and participate in cultural activities and the expression of . This all means that devolution is a critical factor in exploring how policy and services affect our population. The cultural evolution of norms over tens or hundreds of thousands of years, and their shaping by cultural group selection, may have driven genetic evolution to create a suite of cognitive adaptations we call norm psychology (Chudek & Henrich, 2010; Chudek, Zhao, & Henrich, forthcoming). Devolution is the decentralization, transfer or delegation of power from a higher to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration. The devolution settlement of 1998 looked like a great opportunity for Wales. This AP® Human Geography study guide will explore those . The cultural difference theory is based on the idea that students who are raised in different cultural settings may approach education and learning in different ways. From 2015 to 2019, Kenya's economy achieved broad-based growth averaging 4.7% per year, significantly reducing poverty (which fell to an estimated 34.4% at the $1.9/day line in 2019). Hausa are the largest and are mostly Muslims. Development is first cultural (which implies linguistic too) and then economic and political. Within cultural diversity, we can find specific areas of diversity. For example, Toronto has a number of ethnic neighborhoods that are considered part of the city's identity and appeal. Devolution usually occurs through conventional statutes rather than through a change in a country's constitution; thus, unitary systems of government that have devolved powers in this manner are still considered unitary rather than federal systems, because the powers of . Cultural diversity B1. Some cultures believe in a greater good, in unity, in the rule of law. (B) Explain how ethnicity can be a factor that leads to the devolution of a state. People from different cultural traditions may have an approach . It is important for teachers to be aware of the differences between the school atmosphere and the home environment. Differences in language, religion, history, or ethnicity Regional economic differences B2. (3 points: 1 point for each) Response must specifically describe how each factor contributes to devolutionary pressures (e.g. This could cause turmoil causing a country to break up. History shows us that those challenges can . All of these words hint toward a candidate with high emotional intelligence and empathy skills. Diverse social identities coexisting within the same society are often viewed as problematic for economic and political development. The cultural difference theory is based on the idea that students who are raised in different cultural settings may approach education and learning in different ways. Learning Objectives Devolution is expressed in the fragmentation of states into autonomous regions: • Nunavut • Native American reservations and into subnational political-territorial units: • Spain • Belgium • Canada or by Balkanization: • Former Yugoslavia • the Caucasus Devolution is the process by which regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central governments' sovereignty. Similarity-attraction theory is one of the foundational theories that attempts to explain why this occurs; it posits that individuals are attracted to others with whom they share attitude similarity. This paper analyses the impact of cultural diversity on cultural policies through an international overview of case studies and reflections. This is to support a mature and well balanced, cohesive and co-operating society. Diverse social identities coexisting within the same society are often viewed as problematic for economic and political development. In the words of Prah (2009: 7), 'culture is the central location for answers to the challenges of underdevelopment'. B. Define devolution. Skeptics might argue that cleavages based on ascriptive identities are inconsequential or . Some of the most robust recent arguments in favor of collective rights and protections for cultural minorities in democratic states have come from proponents of a curious hybrid position in political theory: perfectionist liberalism.¹ Rejecting the suggestion by political liberals that questions of the good can and should be bracketed from . Having diversities comes with different race, religion, languages, beliefs, etc. Devolution Power is an immediate response to the socio-economic and political marginalization challenges faces by marginalized provinces in Zimbabwe, especially Matabeleland. The regional governments, though not the basic units of devolution, were seen as important as they would be large enough geographical units with substantial populations and would accommodate ethnic and cultural diversity and contribute to nation building; they would facilitate coordination of county governments and planning for services that . It can be a grand estate, industrial site, park, garden, cemetery, campus, and more. Describe how cultural diversity contributes to devolutionary pressures within a country. Byrne, D. (1971). It's a big deal when it happens because several new states could be created. B. Debates about nation and national identity may have always been a Welsh preoccupation but devolution has served to focus them more sharply in academic research and writing, in the arts and literature and in the public consciousness. recognition of cultural diversity and the institutionalization of minority rights is a crucial factor that contributes to the viability of ethnic federalism. The failures of Welsh devolution. Part of the problem is neatly summed up by D. Michael Warren: "The relationship between the viability of a language and the knowledge that has been created, preserved and maintained through that . The diversity of the living world is staggering . ( Cultural Diversity ) Differences in language, religion, history, or ethnicity. Inequality, uneven economic development or differences in predominant economic activities Physical geography and territorial size B3. Diversity can include characteristics such as cultural background and ethnicity, age, gender, gender identity, disability, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, language and education. This has happened many times before as an empire or country breaks up into several countries, but it's not super common. Taking the discussion about cultural diversity beyond the usual topics of anti-racism and inclusion but without overlooking these issues, Understanding Cultural Diversity in the Early Years considers current debates around the alleged failure of multiculturalism, and encourages practitioners to utilize their own cultural backgrounds and experiences as a way of developing their teaching. Wherever there is development, it has to show immediately in aspects of the people's everyday social and cultural life. Speaking at the Legal Wales Conference today, Lord Wolfson, who is a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Ministry of Justice, said that being part of England's justice system made . Collectively, cultural landscapes are works . In 2008 Liverpool was the European Capital of Culture. C. Describe how regional economic differences contributes to devolutionary pressures within a country. It can be thousands of acres or a tiny homestead. . 2 Decentralization is also advocated as a way to protect minorities, diffuse . Discrimination is one of these. Cultural diversity can cause devolution because of the multiple ethnicities, religions or cultures. Devolution is the transfer of power from one central government to many local or regional governments, like the Fall of the Soviet Union. Abstract. Biological evolution is defined as any genetic change in a population that is inherited over several generations. . cultural diversity as well as other specific points that were ignored by modernization . A cultural landscape can be associated with a person or event. Devolution is the decentralization, transfer or delegation of power from a higher to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration. On Biocultural Diversity approaches the dilemma of language loss, the deficit of knowledge, and the devastation of the environment on a global scale. There is also evidence that diversity may produce conflict and higher employee turnover. The concept relates to the idea that evolution has a purpose (teleology) and is progressive (orthogenesis), for example that feet might be better than hooves or lungs than gills.However, evolutionary biology makes no such .
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